USCDI Export for the Public

Uncertain, limited, or unstable access to food that is: adequate in quantity and in nutritional quality; culturally acceptable; safe and acquired in socially acceptable ways. (Gravity Project.)

Yes, a vocabulary/terminology standard and/or technical specification exists for each proposed data element. The Gravity Project attaches a letter with an overview. For (1) Food Insecurity: LOINC, SNOMED-CT, ICD-10-CM, and CPT/HCPCS terminologies are specified by value set in NLM’s Value Set Authority Center (VSAC). For (2) Housing Instability and Homelessness, (3) Inadequate Housing, (4) Transportation Insecurity, (5), Financial Strain, (6) Social Isolation, (7) Stress, (8) Interpersonal Violence, (9) Education, (10) Employment, and (11) Veteran Status: • The corresponding value sets are under development by the Gravity Project; • The value sets will be complete prior to publishing of USCDI v2.0; • Even if a particular value set might be incomplete, the value set will be citable. The technical specifications for value sets under each data element are described below: • Assessments: LOINC • Health Concerns/Problems/Diagnoses: SNOMED-CT, ICD-10-CM • Goals: LOINC • Procedures/Interventions: SNOMED-CT (clinical), CPT/HCPCS (billing) • Outcomes: LOINC (NCQA measures) • Consent (where needed): based on existing HL7 code systems

Currently consistently housed, but experiencing any of the following circumstances in the past 12 months: being behind on rent or mortgage, multiple moves, homelessness; or currently living in a shelter, motel, temporary or transitional living situation, scattered site housing, or not having a consistent place to sleep at night; or lacking a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence. (Richard Sheward, Allison Bovell-Ammon, Nayab Ahmad, Genevieve Preer, Stephanie Ettinger de Cuba & Megan Sandel, Promoting Caregiver and Child Health Through Housing Stability Screening in Clinical Settings, 39 Zero to Three J. 52, 52-53 (Mar. 2019); Megan Sandel, Richard Sheward, Stephanie Ettinger de Cuba, Sharon M. Coleman, Deborah A. Frank, Mariana Chilton, Maureen Black, Timothy Heeren, Justin Pasquariello, Patrick Casey, Eduardo Ochoa & Diana Cutts, Unstable Housing and Caregiver and Child Health in Renter Families, 141 Pediatrics e20172199, p. 3 (2018); McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act of 1987, Pub. L. 100-77, § 103(a)(1), 101 Stat. 482, 485 (July 22, 1987).) Currently under consideration by and in process with the Gravity community.

Yes, a vocabulary/terminology standard and/or technical specification exists for each proposed data element. The Gravity Project attaches a letter with an overview. For (1) Food Insecurity: LOINC, SNOMED-CT, ICD-10-CM, and CPT/HCPCS terminologies are specified by value set in NLM’s Value Set Authority Center (VSAC). For (2) Housing Instability and Homelessness, (3) Inadequate Housing, (4) Transportation Insecurity, (5), Financial Strain, (6) Social Isolation, (7) Stress, (8) Interpersonal Violence, (9) Education, (10) Employment, and (11) Veteran Status: • The corresponding value sets are under development by the Gravity Project; • The value sets will be complete prior to publishing of USCDI v2.0; • Even if a particular value set might be incomplete, the value set will be citable. The technical specifications for value sets under each data element are described below: • Assessments: LOINC • Health Concerns/Problems/Diagnoses: SNOMED-CT, ICD-10-CM • Goals: LOINC • Procedures/Interventions: SNOMED-CT (clinical), CPT/HCPCS (billing) • Outcomes: LOINC (NCQA measures) • Consent (where needed): based on existing HL7 code systems

Housing with moderate to severe physical problems. ( U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, American Housing Survey: Housing Adequacy and Quality As Measured by the AHS, p. 2 (Mar. 2013).) Currently under consideration by and in process with the Gravity community.

Yes, a vocabulary/terminology standard and/or technical specification exists for each proposed data element. The Gravity Project attaches a letter with an overview. For (1) Food Insecurity: LOINC, SNOMED-CT, ICD-10-CM, and CPT/HCPCS terminologies are specified by value set in NLM’s Value Set Authority Center (VSAC). For (2) Housing Instability and Homelessness, (3) Inadequate Housing, (4) Transportation Insecurity, (5), Financial Strain, (6) Social Isolation, (7) Stress, (8) Interpersonal Violence, (9) Education, (10) Employment, and (11) Veteran Status: • The corresponding value sets are under development by the Gravity Project; • The value sets will be complete prior to publishing of USCDI v2.0; • Even if a particular value set might be incomplete, the value set will be citable. The technical specifications for value sets under each data element are described below: • Assessments: LOINC • Health Concerns/Problems/Diagnoses: SNOMED-CT, ICD-10-CM • Goals: LOINC • Procedures/Interventions: SNOMED-CT (clinical), CPT/HCPCS (billing) • Outcomes: LOINC (NCQA measures) • Consent (where needed): based on existing HL7 code systems

A condition in which one is unable to regularly move from place to place in a safe and timely manner because one lacks the material, economic or social resources necessary for transportation. (Alix Gould-Werth, Jamie Griffin & Alexandra K. Murphy, “Developing a New Measure of Transportation Insecurity: An Exploratory Factor Analysis,” 11(2) Survey Practice , p. 1 (2018).) Currently under consideration by and in process with the Gravity community.

Yes, a vocabulary/terminology standard and/or technical specification exists for each proposed data element. The Gravity Project attaches a letter with an overview. For (1) Food Insecurity: LOINC, SNOMED-CT, ICD-10-CM, and CPT/HCPCS terminologies are specified by value set in NLM’s Value Set Authority Center (VSAC). For (2) Housing Instability and Homelessness, (3) Inadequate Housing, (4) Transportation Insecurity, (5), Financial Strain, (6) Social Isolation, (7) Stress, (8) Interpersonal Violence, (9) Education, (10) Employment, and (11) Veteran Status: • The corresponding value sets are under development by the Gravity Project; • The value sets will be complete prior to publishing of USCDI v2.0; • Even if a particular value set might be incomplete, the value set will be citable. The technical specifications for value sets under each data element are described below: • Assessments: LOINC • Health Concerns/Problems/Diagnoses: SNOMED-CT, ICD-10-CM • Goals: LOINC • Procedures/Interventions: SNOMED-CT (clinical), CPT/HCPCS (billing) • Outcomes: LOINC (NCQA measures) • Consent (where needed): based on existing HL7 code systems

Financial resource strain encompasses both the subjective sense of strain as the result of economic difficulties and specific sources of strain. (Institute of Medicine, Capturing Social and Behavioral Domains in Electronic Health Records, Phase 1, p. 58 (2014).)

Yes, a vocabulary/terminology standard and/or technical specification exists for each proposed data element. The Gravity Project attaches a letter with an overview. For (1) Food Insecurity: LOINC, SNOMED-CT, ICD-10-CM, and CPT/HCPCS terminologies are specified by value set in NLM’s Value Set Authority Center (VSAC). For (2) Housing Instability and Homelessness, (3) Inadequate Housing, (4) Transportation Insecurity, (5), Financial Strain, (6) Social Isolation, (7) Stress, (8) Interpersonal Violence, (9) Education, (10) Employment, and (11) Veteran Status: • The corresponding value sets are under development by the Gravity Project; • The value sets will be complete prior to publishing of USCDI v2.0; • Even if a particular value set might be incomplete, the value set will be citable. The technical specifications for value sets under each data element are described below: • Assessments: LOINC • Health Concerns/Problems/Diagnoses: SNOMED-CT, ICD-10-CM • Goals: LOINC • Procedures/Interventions: SNOMED-CT (clinical), CPT/HCPCS (billing) • Outcomes: LOINC (NCQA measures) • Consent (where needed): based on existing HL7 code systems

An objective lack of social contact with others. (National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults: Opportunities for the Health Care System, p. xi (2020).)

Yes, a vocabulary/terminology standard and/or technical specification exists for each proposed data element. The Gravity Project attaches a letter with an overview. For (1) Food Insecurity: LOINC, SNOMED-CT, ICD-10-CM, and CPT/HCPCS terminologies are specified by value set in NLM’s Value Set Authority Center (VSAC). For (2) Housing Instability and Homelessness, (3) Inadequate Housing, (4) Transportation Insecurity, (5), Financial Strain, (6) Social Isolation, (7) Stress, (8) Interpersonal Violence, (9) Education, (10) Employment, and (11) Veteran Status: • The corresponding value sets are under development by the Gravity Project; • The value sets will be complete prior to publishing of USCDI v2.0; • Even if a particular value set might be incomplete, the value set will be citable. The technical specifications for value sets under each data element are described below: • Assessments: LOINC • Health Concerns/Problems/Diagnoses: SNOMED-CT, ICD-10-CM • Goals: LOINC • Procedures/Interventions: SNOMED-CT (clinical), CPT/HCPCS (billing) • Outcomes: LOINC (NCQA measures) • Consent (where needed): based on existing HL7 code systems

A subjective state that arises when an individual recognizes a situation as threatening, but dealing with the threat requires more resources than the individual has available. (Institute of Medicine, Capturing Social and Behavioral Domains in Electronic Health Records, Phase 2, p. 76 (2014).)

Yes, a vocabulary/terminology standard and/or technical specification exists for each proposed data element. The Gravity Project attaches a letter with an overview. For (1) Food Insecurity: LOINC, SNOMED-CT, ICD-10-CM, and CPT/HCPCS terminologies are specified by value set in NLM’s Value Set Authority Center (VSAC). For (2) Housing Instability and Homelessness, (3) Inadequate Housing, (4) Transportation Insecurity, (5), Financial Strain, (6) Social Isolation, (7) Stress, (8) Interpersonal Violence, (9) Education, (10) Employment, and (11) Veteran Status: • The corresponding value sets are under development by the Gravity Project; • The value sets will be complete prior to publishing of USCDI v2.0; • Even if a particular value set might be incomplete, the value set will be citable. The technical specifications for value sets under each data element are described below: • Assessments: LOINC • Health Concerns/Problems/Diagnoses: SNOMED-CT, ICD-10-CM • Goals: LOINC • Procedures/Interventions: SNOMED-CT (clinical), CPT/HCPCS (billing) • Outcomes: LOINC (NCQA measures) • Consent (where needed): based on existing HL7 code systems

Violence between individuals, subdivided into family and intimate partner violence and community violence. (World Health Organization, World Report on Violence and Health, p. 6 (2002).)

Yes, a vocabulary/terminology standard and/or technical specification exists for each proposed data element. The Gravity Project attaches a letter with an overview. For (1) Food Insecurity: LOINC, SNOMED-CT, ICD-10-CM, and CPT/HCPCS terminologies are specified by value set in NLM’s Value Set Authority Center (VSAC). For (2) Housing Instability and Homelessness, (3) Inadequate Housing, (4) Transportation Insecurity, (5), Financial Strain, (6) Social Isolation, (7) Stress, (8) Interpersonal Violence, (9) Education, (10) Employment, and (11) Veteran Status: • The corresponding value sets are under development by the Gravity Project; • The value sets will be complete prior to publishing of USCDI v2.0; • Even if a particular value set might be incomplete, the value set will be citable. The technical specifications for value sets under each data element are described below: • Assessments: LOINC • Health Concerns/Problems/Diagnoses: SNOMED-CT, ICD-10-CM • Goals: LOINC • Procedures/Interventions: SNOMED-CT (clinical), CPT/HCPCS (billing) • Outcomes: LOINC (NCQA measures) • Consent (where needed): based on existing HL7 code systems

The knowledge and skills gained through education, the credentialing linked to the completion of various levels of schooling, and the quality of education. (Institute of Medicine, Capturing Social and Behavioral Domains in Electronic Health Records, Phase 2, p. 68 (2014).)

Yes, a vocabulary/terminology standard and/or technical specification exists for each proposed data element. The Gravity Project attaches a letter with an overview. For (1) Food Insecurity: LOINC, SNOMED-CT, ICD-10-CM, and CPT/HCPCS terminologies are specified by value set in NLM’s Value Set Authority Center (VSAC). For (2) Housing Instability and Homelessness, (3) Inadequate Housing, (4) Transportation Insecurity, (5), Financial Strain, (6) Social Isolation, (7) Stress, (8) Interpersonal Violence, (9) Education, (10) Employment, and (11) Veteran Status: • The corresponding value sets are under development by the Gravity Project; • The value sets will be complete prior to publishing of USCDI v2.0; • Even if a particular value set might be incomplete, the value set will be citable. The technical specifications for value sets under each data element are described below: • Assessments: LOINC • Health Concerns/Problems/Diagnoses: SNOMED-CT, ICD-10-CM • Goals: LOINC • Procedures/Interventions: SNOMED-CT (clinical), CPT/HCPCS (billing) • Outcomes: LOINC (NCQA measures) • Consent (where needed): based on existing HL7 code systems

Working in a job or occupation, and the type and conditions of employment. (Institute of Medicine, Capturing Social and Behavioral Domains in Electronic Health Records, Phase 2, p. 70 (2014).)

Yes, a vocabulary/terminology standard and/or technical specification exists for each proposed data element. The Gravity Project attaches a letter with an overview. For (1) Food Insecurity: LOINC, SNOMED-CT, ICD-10-CM, and CPT/HCPCS terminologies are specified by value set in NLM’s Value Set Authority Center (VSAC). For (2) Housing Instability and Homelessness, (3) Inadequate Housing, (4) Transportation Insecurity, (5), Financial Strain, (6) Social Isolation, (7) Stress, (8) Interpersonal Violence, (9) Education, (10) Employment, and (11) Veteran Status: • The corresponding value sets are under development by the Gravity Project; • The value sets will be complete prior to publishing of USCDI v2.0; • Even if a particular value set might be incomplete, the value set will be citable. The technical specifications for value sets under each data element are described below: • Assessments: LOINC • Health Concerns/Problems/Diagnoses: SNOMED-CT, ICD-10-CM • Goals: LOINC • Procedures/Interventions: SNOMED-CT (clinical), CPT/HCPCS (billing) • Outcomes: LOINC (NCQA measures) • Consent (where needed): based on existing HL7 code systems

Unique identifier for a healthcare organization (i.e. CCN, NPI)

Unique identifiers for organizations/providers are assigned and governed uniformly. NPI: https://nppes.cms.hhs.gov/#/ CCN: https://www.cms.gov/Regulations-and-Guidance/Guidance/Transmittals/Downloads/R29SOMA.pdf Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) for laboratories: https://www.cdc.gov/clia/index.html

An outcome may be the result of the SDOH intervention to achieve the goal or address the problem. Outcomes are the measurable result of an intervention that may form the basis of quality metrics.

Yes, structural standards exist for each of these six elements in current HL7 standards. Specifically, in FHIR, (1) Assessments are Observation resources; (2) Problems/Health Concerns are Condition resources; (3) Goals are Goal resources; (4) Interventions are ServiceRequest and Procedure resources; (5) Outcomes are represented by the status on any of the previously mentioned resources or creation of new Observation resources; and (6) Consent is represented by the Consent resource. Yes, a vocabulary/terminology standard and/or technical specification exists for each proposed data element. The technical specifications for value sets under each data element are described below: • Assessments: LOINC • Health Concerns/Problems/Diagnoses: SNOMED-CT, ICD-10-CM • Goals: LOINC • Procedures/Interventions: SNOMED-CT (clinical), CPT/HCPCS (billing) • Outcomes: LOINC (NCQA measures) • Consent (where needed): based on existing HL7 code systems For the respective SDOH domains: For (1) Food Insecurity: LOINC, SNOMED-CT, ICD-10-CM, and CPT/HCPCS terminologies are specified by value sets in NLM’s Value Set Authority Center (VSAC). For (2) Housing Instability and Homelessness, (3) Inadequate Housing, (4) Transportation Insecurity, (5) Financial Strain, (6) Social Isolation, (7) Stress, (8) Interpersonal Violence, (9) Education, (10) Employment, and (11) Veteran Status: • The corresponding value sets are under development by the Gravity Project. • The value sets will be complete prior to publishing of USCDI v2.0; • Even if a particular value set might be incomplete, the value set will be citable. The details of the domains and specific consensus-approved value sets for each of the activities will be externally maintained as part of a hierarchy of LOINC panels and, where necessary, VSAC value sets referenced by the LOINC panels. The proposed structure is as follows: Survey (Panel) LOINC code a. Food Insecurity Domain (Panel) (LOINC code) i. Food Insecurity Assessment (Panel) (LOINC code) 1. Value set (LOINC codes) ii. Food Insecurity Health Concerns (Panel) (LOINC code) 1. Value set (SNOMED-CT and ICD-10-CM) iii. Food Insecurity Goals (Panel) (LOINC code) 1. Value set (LOINC codes) iv. Food Insecurity Interventions (Panel) (LOINC code) 1. Value set (SNOMED-CT, HCPCS, CPT, LOINC) v. Food Insecurity Outcomes (Panel) (LOINC code) 1. Value set (LOINC codes) b. Domain: Housing Instability and Homelessness c. Etc.

If the current claim has been adjusted; i.e., replaced by or merged to another claim number, this data element represents that new number.

NUBC, CPT, HCPCS, HIPPS, ICD-9, ICD-10, DRGs, NDC, POS, NCPDP codes, and X12 codes.

If the current claim represents a claim that has been adjusted and was given a prior claim number, this field represents the prior claim number

NUBC, CPT, HCPCS, HIPPS, ICD-9, ICD-10, DRGs, NDC, POS, NCPDP codes, and X12 codes.

HL7 CDA: C-CDA Characteristics of Home Environment template HL7 FHIR: US Public Health Characteristics of Home Environment LOINC: 75274-1 "Characteristics of residence" Value set: https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.11.20.9.49/expansion (Residence and Accommodation Type)

Data and reporting used for risk stratification, optimization of patient outcomes, detection of decompensation, clinical and patient education.

SNOMED CT

A self-reported, coded term for the type of work (paid or unpaid) done by a person for the longest amount of time during his or her life, not including voluntary work (done by choice for the benefit of others without compensation).

Occupational Data for Health (Value Set - Occupation ONETSOC Detail (ODH)) https://phinvads.cdc.gov/vads/ViewValueSet.action?oid=2.16.840.1.114222.4.11.7901 Occupation CDC Census 2010 https://phinvads.cdc.gov/vads/ViewValueSet.action?oid=2.16.840.1.114222.4.11.7186

The contracted reimbursable amount for covered medical services or supplies or amount reflecting local methodology for noncontracted providers. Allowed amount should not include any COB adjustment. That is, the Allowed amount on a claim should be the same when the Plan is primary or secondary.

NUBC, CPT, HCPCS, HIPPS, ICD-9, ICD-10, DRGs, NDC, POS, NCPDP codes, and X12 codes.